Cardinal Newman (1801-1890) was one of the most eminent and controversial figures of the 19th century. His conversion to the Church of Rome sparked off one of the bitterest and most divisive controversies of the Victorian age, and his religious thought helped to lay the foundations for the second Vatican Council. This study is a critical biography of Newman which surveys his life from his brilliant Oxford career to his eventual elevation to the Cardinalate. His relations with other leaders of the Roman Catholic Church in Britain are examined and his major works are discussed in the context of his life.