Key Hole Approaches in Neurosurgery

As a consequence of the enormous technological progress in and around modern neurosurgery - such as preoperative investigation of the exact individual anatomy of the patient, individual planning of the procedure, application of navigation techniques, use of endoscopes and videosurgery - approaches for intracranial microsurgical procedures have become small in comparison to historically standard neurosurgical approaches. The atlas is a continuation of the previous works "Endoscopic Anatomy for Neurosurgery" and "Keyhole Concept in Neurosurgery" presenting the operative technical description of the different keyhole approaches based on surgical anatomical examples. The approaches, strategies, indications and technical details are demonstrated by anatomical pictures, schemes, and artists illustrations. Each approach is analyzed with regard to its geometric boundaries and the topography of the target structures. The book offers a systematic overview of keyhole approaches in the daily work of a neurosurgeon. Written for: Clinicians researchers Keywords: endoscope minimally invasive neurosurgery neuronavigation preoperative planning surgical approaches