The true importance of signage and wayfinding systems only becomes evidentwhen they do notwork. This book presents the unsung heroes of functional graphic design.When trying to get through masses of people quickly at a train station orairportto catch a connection, when looking for the right hospital ward in anemergency,or when simply navigating through large, unfamiliar buildings such asmuseums,convention centers, or parking garages, one urgently needs orientation. Insuchsituations, signage and wayfinding systems help us find our way effectivelyinspite of stress, crowds, or circuitousness.Left, Right, Up, Down presents current approaches to design that provideorientationin and around buildings. Because this work must be universally legible andunderstood immediately by people of all ages and cultures, the margin forsuccessis quite slim. This book provides myriad examples that join graphic designand architecture so well that the result elegantly meets the specificnavigationalneeds of the situation.With its range of attractive, experimental, low-budget, and flexiblesolutions, Left,Right, Up, Down is an inspirational and insightful examination of currentpossibilitiesfor practical applied information graphics.